Grade 12 Mathematics builds a seamless progression from discrete patterns through continuous change, data analysis, optimization, and financial modeling.

In Unit 1: Sequences and Series, students learn to recognize and generate arithmetic and geometric sequences, express series with sigma notation, compute partial and infinite sums, and apply these ideas to problems like annuities, loan repayments, and population modeling.

Unit 2: Calculus introduces limits and continuity as the foundation for differentiation; students master the power, product, quotient, and chain rules, then apply derivatives to optimization, related‑rates, and curve sketching, before moving into integration as the inverse process and as a tool for computing areas and accumulated quantities.

Unit 3: Statistics equips learners with techniques for summarizing and interpreting data calculating measures of central tendency and absolute and relative dispersion, constructing histograms and frequency curves, assessing skewness, and designing unbiased sampling schemes.

In Unit 4: Linear Programming, students translate real‑world constraints into systems of linear inequalities, graph feasible regions, and identify maximum or minimum values of objective functions, applying these methods to resource allocation, production scheduling, and cost‑benefit scenarios.

Finally, Unit 5: Mathematical Applications in Business brings theory to practice, covering foundational business math concepts (cost, revenue, profit, break‑even), the time value of money through simple and compound interest, structuring and valuing annuities, amortization schedules, and analyzing the effects of taxation on cash flows. Collectively, these units furnish a robust toolkit for tertiary STEM studies, economics, and quantitative professions.